Combined gas and steam generator.



A. SAME-R.

COMBINED GAS AND .QTBAM GBNERATIJH.

APPLICATION T1LBDJULY1T.1S111.

1,071,673. Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. SAUER.

COMBINED GAS AND STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 17,1911.

Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-ADELBEBT BAUER, 0F BIT-TSBUMYI?, PENNSYLVANIA.

consumi GAS AND STEAM aannemen T 0 all 'whom it mag/concern: l

Be it known .that I, 'AQELBERT Sienne, ,a ,citizen of the United States,y resiiing at Pittsburgh, it t e 't0n-my of Allaah. .aad State ofPennsylvania, haye inyente tain new and useul 1:[in rovements inCoinbined .Gas .and Steam enel'ators, .0f which .the fol-lowing is a.speeification.

'Ibis invention 4,relates to a combined generator for steam and producergas and more specifically te a furnace. arranged t0 receive a continuousfchinge of Afuel such as coal, lignite, bitumen, and ,similar -.car-.bonaceous minerals which fuel suitably acted upon .by vinduced aircurrents for dis# integrating it e vincandescent mass,enabl 111gV carbonmonoxd gas ,to pass @if through 'a series of chambers in order toprovide asuperheater for the Steam generated .by .the heat of said4furnace and increasing the temperature .of a water .jacket :formedabout rSai-d'.furnace T0 this .end l have invented a simple device forproducing Whatis known as producer gas which is a ,highly combustiblegas used ifor iuel., which immediately after .being .produced -S@inducted to a suitable storage, ln addition ,to gener'- ating a .gasmydevie will utilize the heat' emanating from the furnace to generatesteam wliich is adapted to pass into Asuperheaters, emerging ultimatelyas ,lire steamof the finest quality and etlicacy. To iur- ,ther .thebeneficial object of my inyention, 1 arrange means for `conducting someof the gas generated vback to the initial .point of fuel combustion toinduce an atmospheric current of air to mix with the .fuel andtherebyassist in more readily 'decomposing the fuel; and l further utilize ,thesteam generated to automatically control .the C:feedingfof natural andcompressed air into an injector emptying into .the combustion chamber.

With the above and .other objects ip viert7 my imjention comprises .thecombination, :urangement` and details of construction shown in thedrawings and then more p articularly vpointed out '.in the. appendedclaims.

Reference being had to the'accompanying drawings which is illustrativeof my invention, Figure 1 is a side sectional eleifation of my combinedsteam and gas generator showing all the :parts in Working order; Fig. 2is a top plan View thereof s hoivingthe steam pipo connections for thesuperheaters;

specification o; Letters intent; Appicaton tiled July 17 `191.1.. SerialNo. 638,867.

Patented Aug. 26,1913.

is a vertical sectional elevationof the" forward end of .the furnace andSteam space for generating the l gas und steam;

jector on the line o f lFig. l; and F ig. 5 is an' end sectional l,Viewof anotherpart there@ mi the unete-5,0%' Fig. i.

.nartsin the, respective views. f combmation generator comprises Aaplurality of chambers'leading from end to g 'end o .fa base-portion `1,the respective chambers being ,utilizedto' react upon the duid generatedso lals ,to Vrelease a highly eti'cient product. 'Ifo this end I-hayefshown at `the left of the base-portion' a water tank in- QlQsiug afurnace vor combustion chamber; from this tank lead steam pipes to asuper- ,heater acted upon by the hot ,gases generated 'While at theright ofthe 'base-portion are cooling chambers for the gases. With theexception of the Water reservoirs at the extreme right and left ofmdevice the Various chambers are prefera ly'ot equal size and level.

' The water' tank tor the generation of V'st .earfri 4is shown at 2 thelevel of `the Water will 'terminate short of the upper ,end

thereof leai/ing' a 'suitable steam" space 3..

airto mix with the'vfuel.

injector f8 tor causing a detinite amount of- Similarreferenceleharactes indicate like The injector comprises rauoutertapering .Shell 8 inclo'sing a core 9 disposed centrally therein Iwhichlnc'loses another core l0; each core is ,spaced from the 4other as shownin Fig. 5, lproviding suitable channels for air,

the innermost ,core 10 being designed. to .feed

gas, and as shown, iss a'ced inwardly relatively tothe shell 9. he outerend'of the shell 9 is of increased diameter and through it a naturaldraft is passed ,into the combustion chamber. Leading from the top ofthe combustion chamber .4 is a. gas pipe :12

formed with a downwardly-extending,pipe

12 traversing a partition between said water ,tank and one vof thesuperheaters.-A All offset 13 of pipe 12 empties into the bottom of oneof the superheaters 14. Similarly a gas pipe 17 conducts the gasesemerging from the pipes 16 disposed in a cylindrical shell 15 -in thechamber 14, and a down- Wardly-extending pipe,17 terminates in an oifset18 which empties at the bottom of another superheater or chamber 19which, together With the arrangement shown in the chamber 14, iscomposed of a shell containing upstanding pipes, or lines, said shellspaced from both the ltop and bottom of said chamber. therein heldWithin the chamber 19 are shown at 20 and 20 respectively. The pipe 21,conducting the gas from the superheater 19, leads through the branches21 and 22 into the bottom of a cooling chamber 23 and the gases, afterpassing through the pipes 24 of the shell 24, are led out into thehorizontally-extending pipe 25 emptying into a storage pipe 26 leadingthrough branch 26 to a storage chamber 27. The pipe 26 is disposedvertically in a Water reservoir 28 Iilled completely With Water, asshown, the Water being fed through pipe 47 controlled by a cock 48 andgoverned by a safetyvalve 49.

In Fig. 2 it will be seen that a suitable pipe 29, connects the chambers2 ,and 14 emptying into the cylinder or shell 15 from the steam space 3of chamber 2. A similar steam-conducting pipe 30 connects shell 15 toshell 20; branch-pipe 29 discharges into superheater 15 and pipe 30 intosuperheater 20. A pipe 31 discharges the highly superheated steam fromthe shell 20. Controlling the action of the air-tube or shell 11 of theinjector is a suitable governor device having a normally-open valve 35admitting air from pipe 32 into the shell 11, and plug valve 35 iscarried by valve-stem -34 obeying the action of a Weighted lever 34. Acasing 33 carries a horizontally-disposed diaphragm 36 acted upon bysteam coming from a pipe 45 emptying into a main steam pipe 38conducting simultaneously steam from the steam reservoir 3l of tank 2into a casing 39 of a second governor controlling the action of aforced-draft pipe 44. The plug valve used in this governor isdesignated42 and is normally-open, being mounted on the valve stem 41 connected at40 to a diaphragm in said casing, a weighted lever 41 actuating thevalve stem 41. The steam pipe connections from the steam chest 3discharge under the diaphragms 36 and 40, and suitable packing is heldin stuffing boxes 34 and 43 in the governors 33 and 39 respectively.l Acock 45 is carried by pipe 44 controlling the initial passage of theforced-draft. A pipe 46 leads from the storage-pipe 26 through an offset46 intothe tube 10 of the injector. A Water pipe 50 connects the bottomof Water reservoir 28 to the bottom of The shell and gas-conduits thecylinder 24, as shown in Fig. 1; A similar Water-pipe 51 carries Waterfrom the cylinder 24 to the bottom of Water tank 2 through the mediumofa horizontal pipe 52 terminating in an offset 5.3. A cock 54 is carriedby gas-pipe 46.

The operation of my device is as follows: The cock 48 being opened asWell as cock 48', Water Will pass through reservoir 28-When saidVreservoir is filled, cock 48 Will be opened to admit the Water throughpipe 50 into pipe 51 from cylinder 24 and thence into the `Water-tank 2completely filling it and causing the cylinder 24 next to be filled Withwater fromreservoir 2, cock 48 will then be turned olf until al suitablesteam space 3 shall be left in tank 2, by allowing part of the Waterfrom the cylinder 24 to enter the reservoir 28; then cock 48 Will beclosed. Cock 48 will then be opened until S5 I reservoir 28 is filledcompletely with Water, and thereafter it Will be closed. Coah-coke, orsimilar minerals 35 will be' fed through pipe 6 into the combustionchamber, the air for assisting combustion passing through the grate-bars5. To generate producer gas from the fuel it is necessary to feed andinject air through the layers of fuel to more effectively disintegratethe rapidly-forming incandescent mass and it is this thoroughcommingling of the currents of air with the burning fuel whichcontributes to liberate the carbon monoxid.

The regulation of the quantity of natural and forced draft fed into thecombustion 'I chamber forms a material feature of my invention. Innumerous instances it has been sought to mix live steam with the airinto the injector to be fed to the fuel but this has not acted toenhance the purity of the carbon monoxid owing to the moisture present.The forced draft from pipe 44 and atmospheric draft through pipe 32 areled through shells or tubes 8 and 9 into the chamber 4, the atmosphericcurrent being induced by the emerging gas fed through the tube 10through gas pipe 46. By feeding gas, aS Well as air, to the layers offuel,

the products of combustion formed will be rich in combustible elementsand of a hi h purity, no more air being injected than will be n-eeded tothoroughly dissolve the fuel. It is the office of injecting the air intothe bed of fuel to effect the disintegration of the fuel more `quicklythan would ensue otherwise and to practically convert into a volatilefluid the carbonaceous elements. The intense calorific properties of thecombustion chamber is manifested-'by the rela-` tively short interval oftime in which the Water surrounding the same Will be converted intosteam and the pressure or force of the steam will be exerted to regulatethe admission of the air injected. In each gov- Iernor the Weightedlever Will normally hold the valife open allowing 'air to' be passedthrough the injector to the fuel bedjof the .combustion chamber, and thediaphra {e0- e extent of supporting 'combustion and-conibining asheated-air with the ing from the niet T'o 'enhance theconsistency' andpurity of the gas it is important to' avoid an excess of air which1would ordinarily choke the escape lof the gas; Tb" this end the highgases emanat- .pressu're of the steam flowing through pipe 38 willovercome the inertia of the weighted levers since the impact of thesteam against the diaphragm would exert the stress'needed 'to' restrethe diaphragm to normal position thereby closing the plug valves andpreventing communication between the supply pipes and the nozzles `ofthe injector. The undue pressure having been retarded, the'weightedlevers Vvvill open the valve and cause more air in suitable quantitiesto be injected into the4 combustion chamber. In this Way the action ofthe valves will be automatic and the gas given off by the fuel renderedrich in carbon monoxid, free from impurities.

The hot gases emerging through pipe 12 into the' steam chest 15 willenter the flues 16 and impart a measure of heat which Will gases,somewhat Weak in caloric power will next be slightly cooled whilepassing through theues V24: of the chest 24 and completely cooled Whileemerging through the Water' reservoir 28 where most of the gas will becontained in a gasometer or storage chamber 27 to be appropriatedforimmediate consumption in `a combustible capacity in the arts, as isessential to utilize the producer gas thus formed. Part of the'gas willbe returned to the combustion chamber vto accelerate the purilication ofthe carbon mon.- oxid emanating from the fuel and stimulated by theinjected air.

Numerous modifications may be resorted to Without departing in essencefrom the details of construction shown.

I claim,

1. A device of the kind described comprising a water tank at one end, a4cooling de'- -vice at the other end, a plurality of steam cylinderstherebetween having an outlet, a. fire-box mounted in said tank andsurrounded by the Water therein, the steam cylinders and Water tankhaving communication -With each other, a storage pipe disposed withinsaid cooling device, means communieating with said fire-box and coolingdevice arranged to heat Saidsteam cylinders, and l vrounded by thewater, 'a cooling device carrying'a storage pipe, pipes connected fromsaid lire-bex to said storage pipe 'and-ar- 'ranged to heat saidsuperheater, a stea'rn outlet in said superheater, and 'an injectoremptying into said fire-box feeding air controlled by the steamvpressure in said reservoir.

3. In combination a Water cylinder ,car-

rying an `internal fire-box, a plurality of superheater cylinderscarrying each van internal steam cylinder and communicating eafch 'withsaidl Water cylinder, an outlet for the superheated steam, a Waterreservoir carrying a storage pipe, means .for conducting the Agases ofcombustion into each lsuperheated cylinder and into said storage pipe,

an automatically controlled injector creat- `ing a forced draft in thelire-box above the grate, and means conducting gas from saidstorage-pipe into said injector to induce a l natural draft.

4. ln combination 'a 'Water cylinder carrying an internal fire-box, aplurality of cylinders carrying each an internal steam cyli-nder chargedfrom said water cylinder, an

outlet for the steam emerging from said steam cylinders,`a Waterreservoir, a storage pipe 'cooled in saidjwater reservoir, pipesconnected 'to said. fire-.box emptying the gases therefrom into: said.`l contained steam cylinder, being connected to said storage pipeyxan airinjector connected to. said fire-box Within the plane of the fuel, apipe connecting said' injector and said storage pipev to induce anaircurrent in said injector, and' means connecting said Water cylinder andsaid injector automatically controlling the action of said injector.

5. A device of the kind described comprising a Water chamber at one end,a Water lroo inders to heat the tot storage pipe in said Waterreservoir, a steam cylinder carried intermediate the ends of eachsuperheater and-carrying vertical lines, a water cylinder in said coolercarrying Vertical dues, pipes emptying into the top and bottom of saidsuperheater's and coolers and connected to said tire-box and Paidstorage pipe, Water pipe connections from the Water reservoir to saidWater cooler and said Water chamber, means controlled by the steampressure of said device for feeding air into said fire-box, and anoutlet for the superheated steam.

6. A combined steam and gas generator comprising a Water casing carryingan internal fire-box surrounded by said Water, a storage pipe, pipeconnections from said fire-box to said storage pipe, a plurality ofsteam cylinders, means for heating said cylinders from said pipeconnections, means for gradually cooling the gases emerging from saidstorage pipe, an injector emptying into said tire-box above the gratefor feeding air thereinto and a governor for,

said injector comprising a normally open Weighted valve, and anormally-bowed diaphragm set straight by the steam pressure in saidcasing to close said valve.

7. In combination a water casing, carrying an internal tire-box, a Waterreservoir carrying a storage pipe, a plurality of heating chambers, acooling chamber adjacent said reservoir, a steam cylinder intermediatethe ends of each heating chamber carrying vertical lues, a Watercylinder in said cooling chamber carrying vertical flues, pipes emptyinginto the top and bottom of said heating and the cooling chambers andconnecting said fire-box and storage pipe, pipes connecting the Watercasing with each steam cylinder, a steam outlet for said heatingchambers, Water inlets for said casing and cooling chambers connected tosaid reservoir, an injector emptying above the grate of said lire-boxand having a nozzle for a forced draft, a nozzle therein for a naturaldraft and a nozzle in the latter, a pipe conducting'gas from saidstorage pipe to said last-named nozzle to induce the natural draft, anda governor for the forced and natural draft nozzles, each governorcompiising a normally open Weighted valve and a normally-bowed diaphragmset straight by the steam pressure in said casing to close said Valve. y

8. A device of the kind described coniprising a plurality of steamchambers, means for establishing communication between said chambers, alseries of dues disposed in said chambers, a series of flues independentof said steam chambers, a com-- bustion chamber, means for conveyinggases from said combustion chamber through all the series of said flues,and means for purifying the gases emerging from said secondnamed seriesof lues.

9. In combination a fire-box, a steam supply drum around said fire-box,means for conveying steam from said steam drum, means for conveying gasfrom said lire-box, means for conveying air into said lire-box, meansfor causing the conveyed gases to superheat the conveyed steam, andmeans controlled by the pressure of steam for regulating the admissionof said air.

10. In combination a fire-box, a steam supply drum cooperating With saidfireboX, means for conveying steam from said steam dome, means forconveying gas from said {jre-box, means for causing said conveyed gasesto superheat said conveyed steam, a reservoir for said gases, anatmospheric pipe emptying into said fire-box over the grate, and meansfor feeding gas from said reservoir through said pipe into said {ire-boxto induce an atmospheric current.

11. In combination a steam supply drum, separate steam inclosurescommunicating with said drum, a combustion chamber, said steam drumcooperating with said combustion chamber, means for conveying gases fromsaid combustion chamber, means for causing said conveyed gases tosuperheat steam in said steam inclosures, means for purifying saidconveyed gases, an atmospheric pipe emptying into said combustionchamber, a forced draft pipe emptying into said combustion chamber,steam controlled means for regulating the admission of air into saidatmospheric pipe, steam controlled means for regulating the admission ofair into said force-draft pipe, and means for conveying purified gasthrough said atmospheric pipe to induce a current of air therethrough.

12. The improved apparatus for the purpose specified, comprising a Waterheater,

a combustion chamber arranged therein, at

gas and steam heater connected therewith, a gas discharge pipe leadingto a storage tank, a steampipe for conducting steam to a motor, and asupplemental gas pipe connected with the discharge pipe and providedWith a nozzle for introducing gas into the fuel space of the combustionchamber, and an atmospheric air nozzle Within Which said gas nozzle isarranged to operate as an injector, substantially as described.

13. The improved apparatus for the purpose specified, comprising a Waterheater, a combust-ion chamber arranged therein, a series of gas andsteam heaters and pipes connecting them With each other and with thecombustion chamber, a gas sto-rage tank and the gas pipe connecting theheaters there- With, steaml and air pipes connecting the Water heaterWith the lieateis, and a steam discharge pipe connected With the lastheater of the series, a supplemental gas pipe connected with the maindischarge pipe and provided With a nozzle introduced into the fuel spaceof 'the combustion chamber, an atmospheric air nozzle surrounding suchgas nozzle, and a second air nozzle arranged exterior to the first namedone, and a pipe connecting the same With a source of air supply underpressure, substantially as described.

14. In an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination With awater heater and steam generator, of a combustion chainber arrangedtherein and having a pipe for discharge of the gases of combustion, a

storage tank with which such pipe is ultimately connected, asupplemental pipe leading therefrom to the combustion chamber where itis provided with an injector nozzle, and a second nozzle surrounding thegas nozzle and connected with van atmospheric air pipe whereby gasintroduced under pressure produces an induced current of atmospheric airfor sup ort of combustion, sub` stantially as descri ed.

A 15. In an apparatus for the purpose speci'- ied, the combination witha water heater and steam generator, of a combustion chamber arrangedtherein and provided with a gas discharge pipe, a second gas pipeconnected therewith and having a nozzle for conveying gas into the fuelspace of the combustion chamber, an air nozzle surrounding the gasnozzle, and a pipe connected therewith and leading to a source of airsupply in which the air is under pressure, substantially as described.

16. In an apparatus forthe purpose specified, the combination with awater heater and steam generator, of a combustion chamber arrangedtherein and provided with a v gas discharge pipe, a supplemental gaspipe connected therewith and having a nozzle for introducing gas intothe fuel space of said combustion chamber, air nozzles surrounding thegas nozzle and arranged concentrically therewith, pipes communicatingvwith the air nozzles and provided with governors, an air admission pipeconnected with the steam space of the generator with said governors, andgas andV steam heaters operatively connected with the gas and steamgenerators, as shown and described.

17. In an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination with acombustion chamber and water heater connected therewith, of a primarywater receiver and heater, intermediate heaters connected with thecombustion chamber, a gas pipe arranged in the primary heater, a storagetank with which said pipe is connected, and a supplemental water pipeconnecting the rimary heater with the heater wherein t e combustionVchamber is arranged, substantially as de-

